{"id":82,"date":"2015-10-28T16:15:15","date_gmt":"2015-10-28T15:15:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.151.5\/?page_id=82"},"modified":"2016-04-06T08:25:43","modified_gmt":"2016-04-06T07:25:43","slug":"keramika-a-ostatni-nadoby","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/pro-dospele\/remesla\/keramika-a-ostatni-nadoby\/","title":{"rendered":"Keramika a ostatn\u00ed n\u00e1doby"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Drtivou v\u011bt\u0161inu archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lez\u016f p\u0159edstavuje keramika. N\u011bkter\u00fdm prav\u011bk\u00fdm kultur\u00e1m dala typick\u00e1 keramika dokonce jm\u00e9no. Pr\u00e1v\u011b studium v\u00fdzdobn\u00fdch a v\u00fdrobn\u00edch technik keramiky umo\u017e\u0148uje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed chronologick\u00e9 \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1lezov\u00fdch situac\u00ed. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno: jde identifikovat keramiku lu\u017eick\u00e9 kultury i\u00a0Slovan\u016f, proto\u017ee se v\u00a0podobn\u00e9m, a \u010dasto a\u017e stejn\u00e9m, stylu vyr\u00e1b\u011bla nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d celou s\u00eddeln\u00ed oikumenou toho kter\u00e9ho lidu.<\/p>\n

Keramika lu\u017eick\u00e9 kultury<\/strong> se n\u00e1m jev\u00ed mnohdy na pohled hez\u010d\u00ed a kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed keramika slovansk\u00e1. Nebyla je\u0161t\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bna na kruhu, jej\u00ed tv\u016frci ale byli schopni dos\u00e1hnout mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 kvality v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Ty nejhez\u010d\u00ed jsou kvalitn\u011b vyp\u00e1len\u00e9, \u010dern\u00e9, le\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 do vysok\u00e9ho lesku, v\u00fdzdoba je \u010dasto velmi bohat\u00e1. Velmi vz\u00e1cn\u011b se vyskytuj\u00ed zbytky malovan\u00e9 v\u00fdzdoby keramiky, z\u00a0lokality Chot\u011bbuz-Podobora n\u011bkolik takov\u00fdch artefakt\u016f m\u00e1me. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm tvarem je tzv. osud\u00ed<\/strong>, cibulovit\u00e1 n\u00e1doba s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm hrdlem a\u00a0obvykle dv\u011bma protilehl\u00fdmi ou\u0161ky, d\u00e1le m\u00edsy<\/strong>, n\u00edzk\u00e9 jednoduch\u00e9 \u0161\u00e1lky<\/strong>. Hojn\u011b se objevuj\u00ed dvouk\u00f3nick\u00e9 n\u00e1doby zvan\u00e9 ok\u0159\u00edny<\/strong>, \u010di vej\u010dit\u00e9 n\u00e1doby s\u00a0ou\u0161ky naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 l\u00e1tka<\/strong>, n\u011bkdy dopln\u011bn\u00e9 pokli\u010dkami. Relativn\u011b \u010dast\u00fd je v\u00fdskyt miniaturn\u00edch n\u00e1dobek. Krom\u011b keramiky existovaly i bronzov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby<\/strong>, muselo j\u00edt v\u0161ak o tak drah\u00e9 a\u00a0luxusn\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty<\/strong>, \u017ee neslou\u017eily denn\u00edmu u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se jedn\u00e1 o bronzov\u00e9 \u0161\u00e1lky, bohat\u011b zdoben\u00e9 vytep\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm. Tvarov\u011b vypadaj\u00ed jako v\u00fd\u0161e zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 \u0161\u00e1lky keramick\u00e9, p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 bude \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee keramika se v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech sna\u017e\u00ed tyto v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby napodobovat.<\/p>\n

\"Tuhov\u00e1\"Tuhov\u00e1<\/a>\"Tuhov\u00e1<\/a><\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdb\u011br<\/a><\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdb\u011br<\/a><\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdb\u011br<\/a><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Keramick\u00e9<\/a>

Keramick\u00e9 zna\u010dky<\/p><\/div>\n

Slovansk\u00e1 keramika<\/strong> je na prvn\u00ed pohled hrub\u0161\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b nem\u016f\u017eeme podce\u0148ovat \u0159emesln\u00e9 schopnosti jejich tv\u016frc\u016f. Na rozd\u00edl od doby hal\u0161tatsk\u00e9 Slovan\u00e9 9. stolet\u00ed znali a pou\u017e\u00edvali hrn\u010d\u00ed\u0159sk\u00fd kruh<\/strong>. N\u00e1doby maj\u00ed tvrd\u00fd v\u00fdpal, vylep\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159idan\u00fdm ost\u0159ivem. Nej\u010dast\u011bji je dekorovan\u00e1 tzv. slovanskou vlnic\u00ed<\/strong>, kterou v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch podob\u00e1ch nach\u00e1z\u00edme a\u017e do\u00a0vrcholn\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku, objevuj\u00ed se i dal\u0161\u00ed typy v\u00fdzdoby. Na dn\u011b n\u00e1dob jsou n\u011bkdy keramick\u00e9 zna\u010dky<\/strong>, je\u017e snad slou\u017eily jako identifikace v\u00fdrobk\u016f, jejich uva\u017eovan\u00fd kultovn\u00ed charakter je diskutabiln\u00ed. Z\u00a0Chot\u011bbuze poch\u00e1z\u00ed n\u011bkolik kus\u016f s\u00a0takov\u00fdmi zna\u010dkami, jejich v\u00fdskyt je spojov\u00e1n s\u00a0velkomoravsk\u00fdmi vlivy. Nejtypi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tvary slovansk\u00e9 keramiky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hrnce<\/strong> a hrnky<\/strong>, bezuch\u00e9 profilovan\u00e9 n\u00e1doby s\u00a0\u0161irok\u00fdm hrdlem. Objevuj\u00ed se i hrncovit\u00e9 m\u00edsy<\/strong>, nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 po\u010detn\u00e9 jsou l\u00e1hve<\/strong>. Z\u00a0velkomoravsk\u00fdch center zn\u00e1me i n\u00e1lezy n\u00e1dob antick\u00fdch tvar\u016f, co\u017e jsou mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed\u00a0byzantsk\u00e9 p\u0159edlohy. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed keramick\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt, ve slovansk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed velmi typick\u00fd, je tzv. pra\u017enice <\/strong>slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k pra\u017een\u00ed obil\u00ed. Jist\u011b se hojn\u011b u\u017e\u00edvaly n\u00e1doby d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9<\/strong>\u00a0jako v\u011bdra<\/strong> a v\u011bd\u00e9rka, misky<\/strong>, ko\u0161e<\/strong> atd., tyto se ale prakticky v\u016fbec nedochov\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Kovov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby jsou velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, nepat\u0159ily mezi ka\u017edodenn\u00ed standard.<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Drtivou v\u011bt\u0161inu archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lez\u016f p\u0159edstavuje keramika. N\u011bkter\u00fdm prav\u011bk\u00fdm kultur\u00e1m dala typick\u00e1 keramika dokonce jm\u00e9no. Pr\u00e1v\u011b studium v\u00fdzdobn\u00fdch a v\u00fdrobn\u00edch technik keramiky umo\u017e\u0148uje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed chronologick\u00e9 \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1lezov\u00fdch situac\u00ed. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno: jde identifikovat keramiku lu\u017eick\u00e9 kultury i\u00a0Slovan\u016f, proto\u017ee se v\u00a0podobn\u00e9m, a \u010dasto a\u017e stejn\u00e9m, stylu vyr\u00e1b\u011bla nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d celou s\u00eddeln\u00ed oikumenou toho kter\u00e9ho lidu. Keramika lu\u017eick\u00e9 kultury se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":80,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-82","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82"}],"version-history":[{"count":48,"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2240,"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82\/revisions\/2240"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drs-projekty.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}